What is the significance of assessing the aircraft's weight before a flight?

Assessing the aircraft's weight before a flight is crucial primarily to comply with weight limits for takeoff and landing. Each aircraft has specific maximum weight limits that must not be exceeded to ensure safe operation. These limits include the maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) and maximum landing weight (MLW). Exceeding these limits can significantly affect the aircraft's performance characteristics, including takeoff distance, climb rate, and stability during flight.

Proper weight assessment ensures that the aircraft can achieve the necessary lift for a safe takeoff and maintain controllability throughout the flight. It also contributes to safe landing procedures, as landing an overweight aircraft can lead to structural damage and increased stopping distances, jeopardizing safety.

Maintaining weight within the specified limits helps pilots operate the aircraft safely and efficiently, aligning with performance data and operational guidelines.